Leonardo da Vinci: Last Supper. Self Portrait by Leonardo da Vinci. Rybolovlevs spokesman, Brian Cattell, told the Wall Street Journal the family hoped the sale will finally bring to an end a very painful chapter. TINDERA: The Italian government had reportedly been expected to participate in the auction. At an auction held at Christie's New York in 2016 during a contemporary art event, Salvator Mundi by Leonardo da Vinci turned into the most expensive painting ever sold, selling for $450 million at the end of a nineteen-minute bidding war. On permanent display at the Louvre in Paris, the Mona Lisa was assessed at US$100 million on 14 December 1962. There's also something called primacy, which is being the first. And Lewis has a new eight-episode podcast, Art Bust: Scandalous Stories of the Art World, which promises stories of "the ugliest crimes, the biggest scandals and the murky in-between." The Met has since returned the coffin to Egypt. [6] Another example is a 2019 sale of The Seated Zouave by Vincent van Gogh. If all we do is adjust the $30.8 million that Gates paid for it for inflation, that gets us to somewhere around $50 million today. TINDERA: Now the audience in the room doesnt know this, but a representative for Microsoft cofounder Bill Gates is bidding on the phone. Salvator Mundi, the long-lost Leonardo da Vinci painting of Jesus Christ commissioned by King Louis XII of France more than 500 years ago, has sold at Christie's in New York for $450.3m . Since the painting first arrived at the Louvre in 1815, "Mona Lisa" has received plenty of love letters and flowers from admirers. ARCHIVAL CLIP OF ARMAND HAMMER: Another hat is my hobby for collecting art. The painting sold for $119,922,500, Picassos Nude, Green Leaves and Bust (1932) sold at Christie's in New York for $106,482,500, Lhomme qui Marche I (1961) by Alberto Giacometti sold for 65,001,250 ($105,182,398) at Sothebys in London, Picassos Boy With a Pipe (1905) sold at Sotheby's in New York for $104,168,000, Gustav Klimts Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer II (1912)went under the hammer at Christies New York and sold for $87,936,000, Francis Bacons Triptych (1976) sold for $85.9m to oligarch Roman Abramovich, A Chinese 18th century Qianlong dynasty porcelain vase sold for 53,100,000 ($85,921,461) at Bainbridges auction house in London, Dora Maar au Chat (1941) by Pablo Picasso sold for 51,560,080 ($83,429,503) at Sotheby's in London, Portrait of Dr Paul Gachet (1890) by Vincent van Gogh sold for $82,500,000 (50,985,692) at Christies in New York, Thank you all for your bidding, said Pylkknen. Saviour for Sale opens in the US on 17 September. He applied his creativity to every realm in which graphic representation is used: he was a painter, sculptor, architect, and engineer. And we can go into the auction record and look at previous copies of that exact same book, when it sold, where it sold, what its estimate was, what it brought. But if our maximum value isn't $4 billion, then what is it? As he would throughout his life, Leonardo set boundless goals for himself; if one traces the outlines of his work for this period, or for his life as a whole, one is tempted to call it a grandiose unfinished symphony.. A lost painting by Leonardo da Vinci may have been found in a Scottish farmhouse, reported The Daily Mail. SIMON: My feeling was that the Codex was quite a bit more valuable than any single drawing would be. CLIP OF BILL GATES: Taking Leonardo's notebook and translating them so everybody can understand the way that da Vinci thought a little better than before is very important. Its the zenith of my career as an auctioneer. Explore the life of Italian painter, architect, engineer, and humanist Leonardo da Vinci. CBS CLIP, CONNIE CHUNG: You know, you may be the richest man in America, or at least the second-richest man in America. The image of Christ as The Saviour of the World was billed as The Last da Vinci at Christie's 2017 auction, where it sold for a record $450 million (342 million) to a proxy for bin Salman (yes, that bin Salman, whom the CIA found responsible for ordering the murder of the journalist Jamal Khashoggi). The general attitude toward art crime, he says, used to be shrugged off as "it's billionaires spending money, crooking each other", but today there is a realisation that "no, you can't loot that country's entire cultural heritage". Amidst all these delightfully tangled histories, nothing rivals the Salvator Mundi. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. TINDERA: Robert pointed out one other unique distinction. The first question we're asking, but we're going to ask it again is, What are we actually looking at? If it's a first edition of Moby Dick, that's a great thing to have. Despite the excitement over the sale of the only Leonardo in private hands queues of people had formed around Rockefeller Center in New York to see the canvas many in the art world had wondered if the piece would find a buyer. But it does have two anonymous sources, their faces hidden on camera, identified as high-ranking French government officials who had access to the Louvre's studies of the painting and to the French-Saudi negotiations. He created something he called the Codescope, which was software built to help museum-goers actually read da Vinci's backwards scrawl. On the telephone in this room at $28 million. Before the auction opened, the 500-year-old Leonardo da Vinci painting was estimated to sell for $100 million. And so, the first place we looked were the auction records for the Codex from the 1980 and the 1994 sales. TINDERA: Slicing up and selling off a beautiful manuscript or book is not without precedent, though, Robert explained to us. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The paintings transferred to the dealers include a late, Alan Bond could not pay off the painting, and. Moreover, he was no doubt enticed by Duke Ludovico Sforzas brilliant court and the meaningful projects awaiting him there. The Wikipedia template uses a yearly average inflation. They reflected the importance of the painting and that some of the bidders were conscious that the price would go higher than their bids. $50 million through Sothebys in 1997. SIMON: What it does is make you realize how important the fact that the Codex has survived intact is. Hence, every phenomenon perceived became an object of knowledge, and saper vedere (knowing how to see) became the great theme of his studies. The Christie's sale itself was a highly staged drama, beginning with a marketing video that showed not the painting but the faces of observers most are ordinary people but one of them is Leonardo DiCaprio looking reverently at the image as if they were seeing Christ himself. All episodes of the Art Bust podcast are available now. We should note here that we did reach out to Christie's, as well as Bill Gates to ask if they had any comments on the value of the Codex today. TINDERA: Gates is up against a group from a bank in Milan thats sitting in the front of the Christie's salesroom. For her part, Modestini has documented her work and the scientific studies of the painting, and published them online. The most famous paintings, especially old master works created before 1803, are generally owned or held at museums, for viewing by patrons. And so I think it's, you know, not so much, Let's look at it and see what would happen if we took scissors to it and divided it up. But just to say, Here we have something of such significance, partly because it has survived 500 years without, you know, being destroyed.. Leonardo da Vinci, (Italian: Leonardo from Vinci) (born April 15, 1452, Anchiano, near Vinci, Republic of Florence [Italy]died May 2, 1519, Cloux [now Clos-Luc], France), Italian painter, draftsman, sculptor, architect, and engineer whose skill and intelligence, perhaps more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance humanist ideal. In the film, the art historian Frank Zllner, who has compiled a catalogue raisonn of Leonardo's paintings, wryly calls the Salvator Mundi "a masterpiece by Dianne Modestini," who made it "more Leonardesque than Leonardo had done." Guinness World Records lists Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa as having the highest ever insurance value for a painting. Within two days he sold it to Rybolovlev for $127.5 million. This time, though, it sold for three times that in the battle we heard about at the beginning of the episode between Gates and the Italian bank. Five are traditional Chinese paintings by Qi Baishi, Wu Bin, Wang Meng and Xu Yang. He also worked in the next-door workshop of artist Antonio del Pollaiuolo, a sculptor, painter, engraver, and goldsmith, who frequently worked with his brother, Piero. 1503-1519). As everyone who does not live in utter isolation knows, a painting of Christ known as the "Salvator Mundi" ("Savior of the World") by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci was. Kenneth Griffin acquired it in 2004 from Wynn. Because the Louvre cannot comment on privately-owned works it has not displayed, the book can't be published, and at first, Cole says, the museum denied its existence. There are a great many superb extant pen and pencil drawings from this period, including many technical sketchesfor example, pumps, military weapons, mechanical apparatusthat offer evidence of Leonardos interest in and knowledge of technical matters even at the outset of his career. ARCHIVAL CLIP-STEPHEN MASSEY, CHRISTIES: The Leonardo da Vinci Codex Hammer. TINDERA: In his appraisal Simon selected five comparable works all from the Renaissance era. In this episode of Priceless, staff writer Michela Tindera and deputy wealth editor Chase Peterson-Withorn explain how Forbes determines the value of a one-of-a-kind Leonardo da Vinci manuscript that Bill Gates purchased in 1994. In 1472 Leonardo was accepted into the painters guild of Florence, but he remained in his teachers workshop for five more years, after which time he worked independently in Florence until 1481. While dozens of manuscripts like the Codex have managed to survive the centuries intact, the Codex Leicester is the only da Vinci notebook that is still in private hands. In total, Christies said, 27,000 people had seen the work on a pre-sale tour with stops in Hong Kong, London and San Francisco. Oil tycoon Armand Hammer bought it that year, and 14 years later, Gates bought it at another auction. It would not draw more than the Salvator Mundi, which sold for $450 million. At 18 million in this room. It is believed to have been compiled between 1506 and 1510. And seeing these works enjoyed by people all over the world. And then amid. Gifted with a curious mind and a brilliant. [4] In constant dollars, the highest price paid before 1987 was by the National Gallery of Art when in February 1967 they acquired Leonardo da Vinci's Ginevra de' Benci for around $5 million ($41million in 2021 dollars) from the Princely Family of Liechtenstein. He's the head of the Books, Maps and Manuscripts department at Freeman's Auction House in Philadelphia. A scene from Saviour for Sale, a second documentary about the Salvator Mundi, by French journalist Antoine Vitkine (Credit: Zadig Productions). So, we reached out to Martin Kemp, who is another da Vinci scholar, and an Oxford University emeritus professor. He was known to be fastidious in personal care, keeping a beard neat and trim in later age, and to dress in colorful clothing in styles that dismissed current customs. Unless new documentation surfaces (unlikely after all these centuries), or a new scientific method of authentication arrives (also tricky because the work has been so damaged), the mystery may prove eternal. Any more? LONDON A tiny Leonardo da Vinci sketch sold on Thursday at Christie's for 8.9 million with fees, or about $12.2 million, a record price for a Leonardo drawing at auction . The Burlington House Cartoon by Leonardo da Vinci. Leonardo da Vinci was described as having a gracious but reserved personality and an elegant bearing. Leonardo da Vincis total output in painting is really rather small; there are less than 20 surviving paintings that can be definitely attributed to him, and several of them are unfinished. TINDERA: Okay, so to recap, when it sold in 1980, it was expected to sell for $10 million, but ended up going for half that. In the past year two documentaries, the engaging Made You Look and the pedestrian Driven to Abstraction, tackled the case of the Knoedler Gallery in New York, which for nearly two decades sold forgeries supposedly by 20th-Century masters including Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock. [13][14], Among the listed top 89, only six are paintings by non-Western artists. I think it's the greatest acquisition I ever made. Not everyone is a fan. So if Saudi Arabia decides that culture is going to be the way it opens up and the Salvator Mundi is going to be a key player in that strategy and the Louvre is offering to exhibit it, then all those things are tied up together.". He was listed in the register of the royal household as pictor et ingeniarius ducalis (painter and engineer of the duke). Apparently, Hammer had made a habit of buying things with Occidental Petroleum money. A New York Times story on the sale remarked that it was the highest price ever paid at auction for a manuscript. The US art critic Jerry Saltz rails in The Lost Leonardo that "it's not even a good painting", much less a great Leonardo, while true believers gush that seeing it in person is a transcendent experience. One sold for nearly $6 million, and the other for $5.2 million. That's why these valuations can be so tricky. He was also frequently consulted as a technical adviser in the fields of architecture, fortifications, and military matters, and he served as a hydraulic and mechanical engineer. Re-sold for 12m to Stavros Niarchos in 1993. The 16th-century writer Giorgio Vasari indicated that Leonardo cared little for money but was very generous toward his friends and assistants. Sowhat do we do with any of that? At $28 million. As late as the press preview of the show, there was an empty space on the wall waiting for the Salvator Mundi, but it never arrived. Fifty-five hundred to start. In contrast, there are currently only nine pre-1875 paintings among the listed top 89, and none created between 1635 and 1874. She spent years restoring the painting, and passionately defends its authenticity in precise detail, pointing out the pentimento under Christ's thumb or a curve of his mouth that could only be Leonardo's. Many factors seem to have converged to create this flourishing moment for true art crime. The Salvator Mundi can be exhibited, and if it goes to a museum in Saudi Arabia, and people travel there and go to see it, I mean, it would have in terms of that income value I was talking about, it would have, you know, a phenomenal one, you know, perhaps quite in excess of the $450 million that it brought at auction. The saleroom erupted in cheers and applause. But some have said that's because he was left-handed, and he didnt want his ink to smear. PETERSON-WITHORN: Art is one of the toughest things we value for our lists, because the value is just so subjective, and you really don't know what something will sell for until it hits the auction block. An exceptional case is graffiti artist David Choe, who accepted payment in shares for painting graffiti art in the headquarters of a fledgling Facebook. Scholars have been unable to agree in their attributions of these works. That these tales can work in a podcast, where no one can even see the work being described, suggests how much the allure of today's art-crime stories is in the skulduggery and mystery, not aesthetics. He also pulled together a list of artwork that he found it to be similar to. The Nahmad family bought Suprematist Composition in 2008 at Sotheby's, New York, for $60,002,500 ($76million in 2021 dollars) from the heirs of Kazimir Malevich. It looks interesting. Or is it? Leonardo devoted 12 yearswith interruptionsto this task. "I'm absolutely sure that six months down the road or a year, there's going to be some kind of new information, whether true or not, that's going to blow up everywhere in the news media," Dalsgaard says. With its sleek narrative and a wide range of voices from dealers to art historians to investigative journalists, The Lost Leonardo is the better of the two films, and benefits greatly from using Modestini as its main character. Additional audio credits: AP, CBS, GatesNotes-The Blog of Bill Gates. To him, it was just his collection of scientific observations and illustrations and writings, mostly focused on the study of water. The earliest sale on the list below (Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers by Vincent van Gogh) is from March 1987; with a price of 24.75 million (74.1 million in 2021 currency). One of my hats I wearI'm a capitalist. She even has her own mailbox. When Bill Gates bought the manuscript, rather than naming it the Codex Gates after himself, he decided to rename it the Codex Leicester after an earlier owner. Before this, the highest absolute price paid for a painting was 8.1 million (20.4 million in 2021 currency) paid by the J. Paul Getty Museum for Andrea Mantegna's Adoration of the Magi at Christie's in London on 18 April 1985. ", Auction Records Fall at Phillipss Sale of Contemporary Masters, "Fernand Lger (18811955), Contraste de formes", "Warmer Response at Sotheby's 2nd Night of Auctions", "Hong Kong Billionaire Lau Sets Two Records in 24 Hours", Led by $66M Van Gogh, Sotheby's Impressionist and Modern Sale Robustly Kicks Off Season, "Willem de Kooning (19041997), Untitled XXV", "Wang Meng painting auction for $62 million", "A Petite $69 Million Picasso Leads Sotheby's Solid $189 Million Impressionist Sale in London", "Property from a Distinguished Private Collection Pablo Picasso Femme Au Bret Et La Robe Quadrille (Marie-Thrse Walter)", Getty breaks record with $65.1-million purchase of Manet's 'Spring', As Stocks Fall, Art Surges at a $315.8 Million Sale, Claude Monet's "Le Bassin aux nymphas" auction results, A Zao Wou-Ki painting sold for $65 million, breaking records for a work by an Asian artist, Zao Wou-Ki's "Juin-Octobre 1985" auction results, The Most Expensive Paintings ever sold list by theartwolf, Oeuvres d'art les plus dispendieuses au monde, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_most_expensive_paintings&oldid=1140779647, Private Collection, New York, United States, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 19:17. [8] The actual purchase price was not disclosed, because of a confidentiality agreement attached to the private sale. TINDERA: Simon also included another work by da Vinci: a sheet of studies including sketches of a child embracing a lamb. That included footing the bill for not only the Codex he purchased for the $5 million in 1980, but also the tens of millions of dollars spent creating his own art museum in Los Angeles. Lady with an Ermine by Leonardo da Vinci. A Leonardo, even one as dulled as this, could prove an amusing conversation piece. After his death, Hammer's estate became tied up in a series of new lawsuits that began with the niece of Hammer's late wife suing for a piece of his art collection and other assets. The source says he advised the government that "exhibiting under the Saudi conditions would be like laundering a piece that cost $450 million". [6] Though the Louvre Museum had turned down the opportunity to purchase it for 100 million,[7] the painting was estimated to sell for $110 to $170 million. "A Botticelli Portrait Sells for $92 Million at Sotheby's Auction", "Christie's 'Secret Weapon' in Rockefeller's 'Sale of the Century' | Auctions News | THE VALUE | Art News", "Claude Monet (18401926), Nymphas en fleur", Greatest German Renaissance Madonna sold by prince, Vincent van Gogh (18531890) Laboureur dans un champ, U.K. Buys Titian Diana Painting for 50 Million Pounds, Titian deal paves way for next acquisition, "Mark Rothko: No. According to the provenance in the auction catalogue, a few Italian artists own the Codex after da Vinci's death, including a painter named Giuseppe Ghezzi, who apparently sold it in 1717 to Thomas Coke, a man who eventually became England's Earl of Leicester. Hammer somehow convinced the courts he was increasing shareholder value. Veiled in layers of mystery and international intrigue, the story of the Salvator Mundi is an ongoing, endlessly fascinating saga, told in two new documentaries, The Lost Leonardo and Saviour for Sale: Da Vinci's Lost Masterpiece?, which play out with all the drama and suspense of a detective story. Vincent van Gogh, Pablo Picasso, and Andy Warhol are the best-represented artists in the list. What by Leonardo can we compare it with? Early Life: Verrocchio's Pupil. At the press conference, Artnews reported, Gouzer spoke of the exceptional rarity of a work by Leonardo. The painting was sold in November 2017,[1][2] through the auction house Christie's in New York City. It's worth at least what Gates paid for it. The sale generated a sustained 20 minutes of tense telephone bidding as the auctioneer Jussi Pylkknen juggled rival suitors before a packed crowd of excited onlookers in the salesroom. Still, it was a record-breaking event. His was the last name on the 1988 provenance list; painting came from "a private collection in Arizona". The painting, which dates to around 1500, was lost to history for more than 200 years, was damaged and badly restored, and was sold and resold as a minor work, probably by a Leonardo acolyte. for the highest price sold. Alison Cole, editor of The Art Newspaper, has written extensively about the painting and saw it at the National Gallery. Thanks for having me. TINDERA: So keeping all of those things in mind and knowing what he does about the Codex today. Leonardo da Vinci was a Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, military engineer and draftsman the epitome of a true Renaissance man. PETERSON-WITHORN: Thanks for listening to Priceless. On June 11, 2017, Ms. Gund revealed that she intended to use the proceeds from the sale of the painting for a specific purpose: to create a fund that supports criminal justice reform and seeks to reduce mass incarceration in the United States. It then disappeared again until it was bought at a small U.S. auction house in 2005. And my enjoyment in owning these wonderful works of art. Most observers agree that it is likely stashed in the Middle East, but some have speculated that it is stored in a tax-free zone in Geneva or even on the Prince's half-a-billion-dollar yacht. We also spoke with Stephen Massey, who we heard at the beginning of this episode. Leonardo is sometimes credited as the inventor of the tank, helicopter, parachute, and flying machine, among other vehicles and devices, but later scholarship has disputed such claims. Christies sells long-lost Salvator Mundi, artwork billed as biggest discovery of the 21st century, for $400m plus auction house premium. CLIP OF BILL GATES: So here, you're just seeing the page exactly as it looked to da Vinci. Christie's billed the painting as an original work by Leonardo da Vinci himself. So that was kind of the basic first principle. Here are 20 of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous paintings: Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. And then, how do we rationalize the difference in the kind of object it is? The case led to the resignation of Monacos then justice minister, Philippe Narmino. At one point, Pylkknen remarked: Historic moment, well wait as the the bidding went back and forth, pausing at just over $200m as it rose to break the auction record. ARCHIVAL CLIP OF ARMAND HAMMER: I guess I'm wearing a great many hats. How many Leonardo da Vinci paintings are there? However, weeks after the grand opening of his museum, where he planned to showcase the Codex and other art he had collected over the years, Hammer died at the age of 92. There was a bit of an odd snag with the purchase, and Forbes reported on it in 1994. TINDERA: So how much is the Codex worth today? So first, we looked to experts in the world of rare books and manuscripts to learn about the qualities that make a book valuable. Leonardo spent 17 years in Milan, until Ludovicos fall from power in 1499. Privately resold for ca. PETERSON-WITHORN: Given Simon's connections to the Salvator Mundi, and his experience running a gallery of Old Masters works, he seemed like an excellent source to speak with for this valuation. Rybolovlev resold Gauguin's Otahi before 2017 for less than $50 million. Bin Salman himself visited President Emmanuel Macron in Paris while the loan was dangling in the balance. The piece is sold.. As a master artist, Leonardo maintained an extensive workshop in Milan, employing apprentices and students. Quiz: Ancient Illustrations Showing Us the Way, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonardo-da-Vinci, Social Studies for Kids - Biography of Leonardo da Vinci, Humanities LibreTexts - Leonardo da Vinci, Art Encyclopedia - Biography of Leonardo Da Vinci, University of California Museum of Paleontology - Biography of Leonardo da Vinci, Web Gallery of Art - Biography of Leonardo da Vinci, Leonardo da Vinci - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Leonardo da Vinci - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Art and accomplishment: Leonardo as artist-scientist, Art and accomplishment: Painting and drawing. 9. French President Emmanuel Macron pictured in 2018 with the owner of the Leonardo, Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman (Credit: Photo by Bandar Algaloud/Getty Images), "The Louvre is supported by the government, the ministry of culture and ultimately Macron," Cole tells BBC Culture.
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